S

sheepman: A shepherd, a farm worker who looks after sheep. Farmers benefit from employing skilled sheepmen for efficient and effective livestock management.

solid-not-fat percentage: a measure of milk quality, showing the percentages of all substances other than fat in the milk. Abbr SNF percentage. Monitoring the solid-not-fat percentage in milk ensures high-quality dairy production, supporting consumer health and market value.

stabilise: to take measures to prevent soil being eroded, especially from a hillside. Implementing soil stabilisation techniques protects land resources from erosion, promoting long-term soil health and sustainable agricultural productivity.

scythe: A hand implement with a long slightly curved blade attached to a handle with two short projecting hand grips. Scythes are now used for cutting grass and were formerly used for reaping. Farmers benefit from using scythes for manual harvesting and grass cutting.

sex linkage: An existence of characteristics which are transmitted through the X chromosomes. Farmers benefit from understanding sex linkage for managing genetic traits in breeding programs.

steppe: a wide grassy plain with no trees, especially in Europe and Asia. (NOTE: The North American equivalent of a steppe is a prairie.) Managing steppes supports sustainable grazing and biodiversity, promoting ecological balance and agricultural productivity.

Single Farm Payment Scheme: An initiative under the CAP which calculates farmers’ subsidies with reference to the amount of land used in production, as well as the total eligible livestock or crop output. It replaces individual subsidy schemes. Abbr SPS. Farmers benefit from engaging with the Single Farm Payment Scheme for financial support and resources in farming operations.

subfertility: a situation where an animal is less fertile than expected. Properly managing subfertility ensures healthy breeding programs and improves livestock productivity, supporting farm profitability.

shading: The action of cutting off the light of the sun. Parts of the field near tall trees suffer from shading. In Scotland, shading of weed growth by late-drilled wheats was more important in the spring and early summer than in southern Europe where growers placed more importance on preventing weed growth in the winter and early spring. Farmers benefit from managing shading to optimize crop growth and reduce weed competition.

Solari piggery: a type of housing for pigs, with fattening pens on each side of a central feeding passage, housed in an open-sided Dutch barn. Proper management of pig housing, such as Solari piggeries, ensures the health and productivity of pigs, supporting efficient livestock production.