S

snow rot: a white mould growth affecting wheat, causing leaves to turn brown and shrivel (Typhula incarnata). Managing snow rot ensures healthy wheat crops, preventing yield losses and maintaining quality.

subsidy: money given by a government or organisation to help an industry, charity, or other organisation. The reform will result in subsidies for farming being replaced by payments for caring for the environment. Understanding and accessing subsidies ensures financial support for farmers, promoting sustainable agricultural practices.

schistosomiasis: A tropical disease caused by flukes taken in from water affecting the intestine or bladder. Also called bilharziasis. Farmers benefit from managing schistosomiasis to ensure livestock health and productivity.

stem canker: a fungal disease affecting many types of plant including oilseed rape. Managing stem canker ensures healthy crop growth, preventing yield losses and maintaining quality.

shaggy: Referring to an animal such as Highland cattle which has long hair. Farmers benefit from understanding shaggy breeds for efficient livestock management and production.

stone trap: in a combine harvester, a trough with a trap door, which prevents stones passing into the concave. Properly managing stone traps ensures efficient combine harvester operation and crop quality.

sustainability: the ability of a process or human activity to meet present needs but maintain natural resources and leave the environment in good order for future generations. Implementing sustainable practices ensures long-term agricultural productivity and environmental health.

sewage: Waste water and other material such as faeces, carried away in sewers. Also called sewage waste. Farmers benefit from managing sewage for effective waste disposal and sanitation.

species: a group of organisms that can interbreed. A species is a division of a genus. Abbr sp. (NOTE: The plural is species.). Understanding species classifications helps farmers manage biodiversity and select appropriate crops and livestock for their specific conditions.

semolina: A coarse flour made from wheat after the fine flour has been ground. It is used to make puddings. Farmers benefit from producing and using semolina for its culinary applications and market demand.