S

seedling: A young plant that has recently grown from a seed. Farmers benefit from managing seedlings for successful crop establishment.

stages of growth: same as growth stages. Understanding the stages of growth in crops and livestock helps farmers optimize management practices for better yields and productivity.

sewage sludge: The solid or semi-solid part of sewage. Farmers benefit from using sewage sludge as a fertilizer for soil improvement.

secrete: To produce a substance such as a hormone, oil or enzyme. Farmers benefit from understanding secretion processes to manage livestock health and productivity.

SMD: abbreviation 1. soil moisture deficit 2. standard man day. Monitoring soil moisture deficits helps farmers optimize irrigation practices, ensuring crops receive adequate water without overuse.

Salmonella: A genus of bacteria found in the intestines, which are acquired by eating contaminated food. Different species cause food poisoning and typhoid fever. Farmers benefit from understanding and preventing Salmonella infections to ensure food safety and public health.

spiked: referring to a farm implement with spikes, e.g., a spiked chain harrow. Using spiked implements improves soil aeration and preparation, promoting healthy root growth and better crop yields.

scar: A mark left on the skin surface after a wound has healed. Farmers benefit from recognizing scars in livestock to monitor past injuries and health status.

Sardinian: An important breed of Italian sheep which provides milk for the manufacture of cheese. Farmers benefit from raising Sardinian sheep for high-quality milk production and cheese making.

synthetic: not natural, but made from chemical substances. Understanding and using synthetic materials effectively supports efficient farm operations and productivity.