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stone-ground flour: a type of flour made by grinding with millstones. Properly managing stone-ground flour production ensures product quality and market value, supporting farm income and consumer trust.

sporicidal: able to kill spores. Using sporicidal products helps farmers manage pests and diseases, ensuring healthy crop growth and better yields.

sharp eyespot: A soil-borne fungus (Rhizoctonia solani) affecting cereals, which can cause lodging and shrivelled grain. Farmers benefit from managing sharp eyespot to protect cereal crops and ensure high yields.

soya bean: 1. a bean from a soya plant 2. same as soya. COMMENT: Soya beans are very rich in protein and apart from direct human consumption are used for their oil and as livestock feed. After the oil has been extracted, the residue is used as a high-protein feedingstuff. Other by-products are soya bean milk and soy sauce, both widely used in China and Japan. Soya beans are widely grown in China, where they are the most important food legume, in Brazil, and in the USA. Growing soya beans provides farmers with a versatile crop for multiple markets, enhancing farm income and sustainability.

specificity: the characteristic of having a specific range or use. Understanding the specificity of agricultural inputs ensures efficient resource use and optimal outcomes, supporting productive farming.

stillborn: referring to an animal which is born dead. Properly managing stillbirths ensures livestock health and productivity, supporting farm profitability.

sterile: free from microorganisms; infertile or not able to produce offspring. Properly managing sterility ensures biosecurity and prevents disease outbreaks, supporting livestock health and productivity.

SGM: Standard Gross Margin. Farmers benefit from understanding and using SGM for financial planning and management in agriculture.

sire: the male parent of an animal; a male animal selected for breeding. Understanding the role of a sire in breeding programs is crucial for farmers aiming to improve livestock genetics, health, and productivity.

subsistence: the condition of managing to live on the smallest amount of resources including food needed to stay alive. Properly managing subsistence farming ensures food security and basic livelihoods for farmers.